Glycolic acid adjusted to pH 4 stimulates collagen production and epidermal renewal without affecting levels of proinflammatory TNF-alpha in human skin explants.
Mridvika NardaCarles TrullasAnthony BrownJaime Piquero-CasalsCorinne GrangerGabriella FabbrociniPublished in: Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2020)
These data suggest that partially neutralized GA formulations retain skin rejuvenating properties without causing irritation and inflammation and that their use can be tailored to individual needs based on the concentration of GA in the formulation.