Pharmacogenetics research in Brazil: a systematic review.

Aim: Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is a rising scientific area in many countries, such as Brazil. Objectives: To identify biomarkers, therapeutic areas, probe drugs and regions/ethnicities most studied in the country in order to guide future studies. Materials & methods: Systematic review of 1060 studies (from 1968 to 2020) comprising 80 genes, six probe drugs and 3,819,233 individuals. Results: MTHFR and HLA-A/B were the most studied genes and metoprolol and dextromethorphan the most studied probe drugs. Oncology was the most studied therapeutic area considering PGx biomarkers. The country's regions and ethnic groups were studied unevenly, with south/southeast and White people over-represented in respect to their demographic relevance, in detriment of the center-west/northeast/north and Black/mixed individuals. Conclusion: Many of the gaps and possible paths to be covered to reach even PGx data are pointed out by this review.