Tritium Labeling of Neuromedin S by Conjugation with [ 3 H] N -Succinimidyl Propionate.

The human neuropeptide neuromedin S (NMS) consists of 33 amino acids. The introduction of tritium atoms into NMS has not been described so far. This represents a gap for using [ 3 H]NMS in radioreceptor binding assays or in tracking and monitoring their metabolic pathway. Two approaches for the incorporation of tritium into NMS were explored in this study: (1) halogenation at the His-18 residue followed by catalyzed iodine-127/tritium exchange and (2) conjugation of tritiated N -succinimidyl-[2,3- 3 H 3 ]propionate ([ 3 H]NSP) to at least one of the three available primary amines of amino acids Ile-1, Lys-15, and Lys-16 in the peptide sequence. Although iodination of histidine was achieved, subsequent iodine-127/deuterium exchange was unsuccessful. Derivatization at the three possible amino positions in the peptide using nonradioactive NSP resulted in a mixture of unconjugated NSM and 1- to 3-conjugations at different amino acids in the peptide sequence. Each labeling position in the mixture was assigned following detailed LC-MS/MS analysis. After separating the mixture, it was shown in an in vitro fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) and in a competitive binding assay that the propionyl-modified NMS derivatives were comparable to the unlabeled NMS, regardless of the degree of labeling and the labeling position(s). A molecular simulation with NMS in the binding pocket of the protein neuromedin U receptor 2 (NMUR 2 ) confirmed that the possible labeling positions are located outside the binding region of NMUR 2 . Tritium labeling was achieved at the N-terminal Ile-1 using [ 3 H]NSP in 7% yield with a radiochemical purity of >95% and a molar activity of 90 Ci/mmol. This approach provides access to tritiated NMS and enables new investigations to characterize NMS or corresponding NMS ligands.