Chemotherapy-Induced Molecular Changes in Skeletal Muscle.
Mafalda Barbosa PedrosaSamuel BarbosaRui VitorinoRita FerreiraDaniel Moreira-GonçalvesLúcio Lara SantosPublished in: Biomedicines (2023)
Paraneoplastic conditions such as cancer cachexia are often exacerbated by chemotherapy, which affects the patient's quality of life as well as the response to therapy. The aim of this narrative review was to overview the body-composition-related changes and molecular effects of different chemotherapy agents used in cancer treatment on skeletal-muscle remodeling. A literature search was performed using the Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases and a total of 77 papers was retrieved. In general, the literature survey showed that the molecular changes induced by chemotherapy in skeletal muscle have been studied mainly in animal models and mostly in non-tumor-bearing rodents, whereas clinical studies have essentially assessed changes in body composition by computerized tomography. Data from preclinical studies showed that chemotherapy modulates several molecular pathways in skeletal muscle, including the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, autophagy, IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR, IL-6/JAK/STAT, and NF-κB pathway; however, the newest chemotherapy agents are underexplored. In conclusion, chemotherapy exacerbates skeletal-muscle wasting in cancer patients; however, the incomplete characterization of the chemotherapy-related molecular effects on skeletal muscle makes the development of new preventive anti-wasting strategies difficult. Therefore, further investigation on molecular mechanisms and clinical studies are necessary.
Keyphrases
- skeletal muscle
- body composition
- chemotherapy induced
- insulin resistance
- locally advanced
- resistance training
- bone mineral density
- public health
- systematic review
- radiation therapy
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- inflammatory response
- oxidative stress
- stem cells
- machine learning
- cell therapy
- cell proliferation
- big data
- type diabetes
- artificial intelligence
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- high intensity
- growth hormone