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Recombinant single-cycle influenza virus with exchangeable pseudotypes allows repeated immunization to augment anti-tumour immunity with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Matheswaran KandasamyUzi GileadiPramila RijalTiong Kit TanLian N LeeJili ChenGennaro ProtaPaul KlenermanAlain TownsendVincenzo Cerundolo
Published in: eLife (2023)
Virus-based tumour vaccines offer many advantages compared to other antigen-delivering systems. They generate concerted innate and adaptive immune response, and robust CD8 + T cell responses. We engineered a non-replicating pseudotyped influenza virus (S-FLU) to deliver the well-known cancer testis antigen, NY-ESO-1 (NY-ESO-1 S-FLU). Intranasal or intramuscular immunization of NY-ESO-1 S-FLU virus in mice elicited a strong NY-ESO-1-specific CD8 + T cell response in lungs and spleen that resulted in the regression of NY-ESO-1-expressing lung tumour and subcutaneous tumour, respectively. Combined administration with anti-PD-1 antibody, NY-ESO-1 S-FLU virus augmented the tumour protection by reducing the tumour metastasis. We propose that the antigen delivery through S-FLU is highly efficient in inducing antigen-specific CD8 + T cell response and protection against tumour development in combination with PD-1 blockade.
Keyphrases
  • immune response
  • highly efficient
  • adipose tissue
  • dendritic cells
  • toll like receptor
  • cell free