Genomic plasticity associated with antimicrobial resistance in Vibrio cholerae.
Jyoti VermaSatyabrata BagBipasa SahaPawan KumarTarini Shankar GhoshMayanka DayalTarosi SenapatiSeema MehraPrasanta DeyAnbumani DesigamaniDhirendra KumarPreety RanaBhoj KumarTushar K MaitiNaresh C SharmaRupak K BhadraAnkur MutrejaG Balakrish NairThandavarayan RamamurthyBhabatosh DasPublished in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2019)
The Bay of Bengal is known as the epicenter for seeding several devastating cholera outbreaks across the globe. Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, has extraordinary competency to acquire exogenous DNA by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and adapt them into its genome for structuring metabolic processes, developing drug resistance, and colonizing the human intestine. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in V. cholerae has become a global concern. However, little is known about the identity of the resistance traits, source of AMR genes, acquisition process, and stability of the genetic elements linked with resistance genes in V. cholerae Here we present details of AMR profiles of 443 V. cholerae strains isolated from the stool samples of diarrheal patients from two regions of India. We sequenced the whole genome of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) V. cholerae to identify AMR genes and genomic elements that harbor the resistance traits. Our genomic findings were further confirmed by proteome analysis. We also engineered the genome of V. cholerae to monitor the importance of the autonomously replicating plasmid and core genome in the resistance profile. Our findings provided insights into the genomes of recent cholera isolates and identified several acquired traits including plasmids, transposons, integrative conjugative elements (ICEs), pathogenicity islands (PIs), prophages, and gene cassettes that confer fitness to the pathogen. The knowledge generated from this study would help in better understanding of V. cholerae evolution and management of cholera disease by providing clinical guidance on preferred treatment regimens.
Keyphrases
- genome wide
- antimicrobial resistance
- multidrug resistant
- drug resistant
- copy number
- dna methylation
- acinetobacter baumannii
- escherichia coli
- gram negative
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- genome wide identification
- newly diagnosed
- physical activity
- end stage renal disease
- endothelial cells
- genome wide analysis
- ejection fraction
- prognostic factors
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- crispr cas
- circulating tumor
- microbial community
- bioinformatics analysis
- peritoneal dialysis
- candida albicans
- transcription factor
- medical education
- wastewater treatment
- smoking cessation
- patient reported outcomes
- cell free