Mechanistic Insights on Localized to Metastatic Prostate Cancer Transition and Therapeutic Opportunities.
Eun-Mi YuMin Woo HwangJeanny B Aragon-ChingPublished in: Research and reports in urology (2023)
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer among American men. Multiple mechanisms are involved in tumorigenesis and progression to metastases. While androgen deprivation therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, progression to castration-resistant disease becomes inevitable. Aberrant pathway activations of PI3K/AKT due to PTEN loss, epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways, homologous recombination repair, and DNA repair pathway mechanisms of resistance and cross-talk lead to opportunities for therapeutic targeting in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review focuses on mechanisms of progression and key trials that evaluate the drugs and combinations that exploit these pathways.
Keyphrases
- dna repair
- pi k akt
- prostate cancer
- dna damage
- signaling pathway
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- radical prostatectomy
- cell proliferation
- squamous cell carcinoma
- small cell lung cancer
- cell cycle arrest
- dna damage response
- papillary thyroid
- transforming growth factor
- cancer therapy
- young adults
- squamous cell
- cell death
- drug delivery
- drug induced
- replacement therapy
- smoking cessation