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Functional variants in a TTTG microsatellite on 15q26.1 cause familial nonautoimmune thyroid abnormalities.

Satoshi NarumiKeisuke NagasakiMitsuo KiriyaErika UeharaKazuhisa AkibaKanako Tanase-NakaoKazuhiro ShimuraKiyomi AbeChiho SugisawaTomohiro IshiiKenichi MiyakoYukihiro HasegawaYoshihiro MaruoKoji MuroyaNatsuko WatanabeEijun NishiharaYuka ItoTakahiko KogaiKaori KameyamaKazuhiko NakabayashiKenichiro HataMaki FukamiHirohito ShimaAtsuo KikuchiJun TakayamaGen TamiyaTomonobu Hasegawa
Published in: Nature genetics (2024)
Insufficient thyroid hormone production in newborns is referred to as congenital hypothyroidism. Multinodular goiter (MNG), characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland with multiple nodules, is usually seen in adults and is recognized as a separate disorder from congenital hypothyroidism. Here we performed a linkage analysis of a family with both nongoitrous congenital hypothyroidism and MNG and identified a signal at 15q26.1. Follow-up analyses with whole-genome sequencing and genetic screening in congenital hypothyroidism and MNG cohorts showed that changes in a noncoding TTTG microsatellite on 15q26.1 were frequently observed in congenital hypothyroidism (137 in 989) and MNG (3 in 33) compared with controls (3 in 38,722). Characterization of the noncoding variants with epigenomic data and in vitro experiments suggested that the microsatellite is located in a thyroid-specific transcriptional repressor, and its activity is disrupted by the variants. Collectively, we presented genetic evidence linking nongoitrous congenital hypothyroidism and MNG, providing unique insights into thyroid abnormalities.
Keyphrases
  • copy number
  • replacement therapy
  • genome wide
  • gene expression
  • transcription factor
  • machine learning
  • electronic health record
  • human immunodeficiency virus
  • preterm infants
  • artificial intelligence
  • hiv testing