Differences in neonatal adverse outcomes among women with gestational diabetes mellitus managed by diet or medication: a propensity score matched analysis of a population-based sample.

The increased neonatal morbidity associated with non-medicated GDM identified in our study may indicate that diet and lifestyle changes alone are not sufficient to achieve glycaemic control in some women with GDM. Our findings indicate that gestational diabetes management approach is independently associated with neonatal outcomes.