Comparative Study of Salivary, Duodenal, and Fecal Microbiota Composition Across Adult Celiac Disease.
Simona PanelliEnrica CapelliGiuseppe Francesco Damiano LupoAnnalisa SchiepattiElena BettiElisabetta SautaSimone MariniRiccardo BellazziAlessandro VanoliAnnamaria PasiRosalia CacciatoreSara BacchiBarbara BalestraOrnella PastorisLuca FrulloniGino Roberto CorazzaFederico BiagiRachele CiccocioppoPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2020)
Expansion of pathobiontic species anticipates villous atrophy and achieves the maximal divergence from controls in refractory CD. Gluten-free diet results in incomplete recovery. The overlapping results between mucosal and salivary samples indicate the use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid.