An Application of Multivariate Data Analysis to Photoacoustic Imaging for the Spectral Unmixing of Gold Nanorods in Biological Tissues.
Mirko MaturiPaolo ArmanettiLuca MenichettiMauro Comes FranchiniPublished in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Gold nanorods (GNRs) showed to be a suitable contrast agent in photoacoustics (PA), and are able to provide a tunable absorption contrast against background tissue, while a detectable PA signal can be generated from highly localized and targeted areas. A crucial issue for these imaging techniques is represented by the discrimination between exogenous and endogenous contrast and the assessment of the real PA signal magnitude. The application of image resolution/unmixing methods was implemented and optimized to recover the relative magnitude spectra and distribution maps of image constituents of the biological sample based on multivariate analysis (multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares, MCR-ALS) in the presence of GNRs with tunable absorption properties. The proposed data analysis methodology is demonstrated on real PA images from experimental animal models and ex-vivo preparations.
Keyphrases
- data analysis
- deep learning
- magnetic resonance
- high resolution
- optical coherence tomography
- escherichia coli
- contrast enhanced
- single molecule
- gene expression
- fluorescence imaging
- reduced graphene oxide
- multidrug resistant
- magnetic resonance imaging
- silver nanoparticles
- convolutional neural network
- energy transfer
- density functional theory
- drug delivery
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- gold nanoparticles