Sexually transmitted infections and prior antibiotic use as important causes for negative urine cultures among adults presenting with urinary tract infection symptoms to primary care clinics in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study.
Ioana Diana OlaruMutsawashe ChisengaShunmay YeungDavid MabeyMichael MarksProsper ChonziKudzai Pe MasundaAnna MachihaRashida A FerrandKatharina KranzerPublished in: BMJ open (2021)
This study found a high prevalence of STIs and evidence of prior antimicrobial use as possible explanations for the low proportion of positive urine cultures.