Engorgement of Deep Medullary Veins in Neurosarcoidosis: A Common-Yet-Underrecognized Cerebrovascular Finding on SWI.
Carlos ZamoraSheng-Che HungC TomingasC AtkinsonM CastilloPublished in: AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology (2018)
We describe the prevalence and potential significance of deep medullary vein engorgement on SWI in patients with neurosarcoidosis, a finding that has not been described previously. Engorgement was evaluated for possible associations with meningeal or perivascular disease, intracranial hemorrhage, and venous thrombosis, as well as with modified Rankin Scale scores at the time of MR imaging and at follow-up. Deep medullary vein engorgement was seen in 7 of 21 patients and was more common in men. Patients with venous engorgement had a significantly increased incidence of microhemorrhages, perivascular disease, and hydrocephalus. There was no association with the degree of leptomeningeal disease, venous dural sinus thrombosis, or modified Rankin Scale scores. In conclusion, deep medullary vein engorgement was common in our patients with neurosarcoidosis. Although its pathophysiology remains uncertain, it could be related to venous or perivenous abnormalities and may represent a useful secondary finding of cerebrovascular disease.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- risk factors
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- magnetic resonance
- small cell lung cancer
- cerebrospinal fluid
- magnetic resonance imaging
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- computed tomography
- prognostic factors
- contrast enhanced
- patient reported outcomes
- optical coherence tomography
- middle aged