Detection of renal allograft fibrosis with MRI: arterial spin labeling outperforms reduced field-of-view IVIM.

• Compared to total ADC from rFOV IVIM DWI, RBF from ASL can distinguish no fibrosis (ci0) vs mild fibrosis (ci1) (p = .02) and moderate fibrosis (ci2) vs severe fibrosis (ci3) (p = .04). • RBF had superior performance than diffusion parameters in discriminating fibrosis (no fibrosis [ci0] vs fibrosis [ci1-3], mild fibrosis [ci0-1] vs moderate to severe fibrosis [ci2-3], non-severe [ci0-2] vs severe [ci3] fibrosis; AUC = 0.76 vs 0.59, p < .001; 0.79 vs 0.68, p = .01; 0.79 vs 0.68, p = .01). • Compared to reduced FOV IVIM DWI, ASL was a more promising technique for noninvasively predicting long-term allograft dysfunction (AUC = 0.76 vs 0.60, p = .04).