Prevalence and Risk Factors for Chronic Post-Surgical Pain Following Cardiac Surgery: A Single-center Prospective Cohort Study.
Maggie Z X XiaoJames S KhanElad DanaVivek RaoGeorge DjaianiPhilippe RichebéJoel KatzDorothy WongHance ClarkePublished in: Anesthesiology (2023)
Nearly one in three patients undergoing cardiac surgery reported pain at 3 months follow-up, with ~15% reporting persistent pain at 1 year. Female sex, pre-existing chronic pain, and baseline depression were associated with postsurgical pain scores across all three time periods.