Changing paradigms in oncology: Toward noncytotoxic treatments for advanced gliomas.
Nikolaus von Knebel DoeberitzDaniel PaechDominik SturmStefan PuschSevin TurcanYogen SaunthararajahPublished in: International journal of cancer (2022)
Glial-lineage malignancies (gliomas) recurrently mutate and/or delete the master regulators of apoptosis p53 and/or p16/CDKN2A, undermining apoptosis-intending (cytotoxic) treatments. By contrast to disrupted p53/p16, glioma cells are live-wired with the master transcription factor circuits that specify and drive glial lineage fates: these transcription factors activate early-glial and replication programs as expected, but fail in their other usual function of forcing onward glial lineage-maturation-late-glial genes have constitutively "closed" chromatin requiring chromatin-remodeling for activation-glioma-genesis disrupts several epigenetic components needed to perform this work, and simultaneously amplifies repressing epigenetic machinery instead. Pharmacologic inhibition of repressing epigenetic enzymes thus allows activation of late-glial genes and terminates glioma self-replication (self-replication = replication without lineage-maturation), independent of p53/p16/apoptosis. Lineage-specifying master transcription factors therefore contrast with p53/p16 in being enriched in self-replicating glioma cells, reveal a cause-effect relationship between aberrant epigenetic repression of late-lineage programs and malignant self-replication, and point to specific epigenetic targets for noncytotoxic glioma-therapy.
Keyphrases
- transcription factor
- dna methylation
- gene expression
- genome wide
- single cell
- neuropathic pain
- genome wide identification
- oxidative stress
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell cycle arrest
- dna binding
- cell death
- public health
- high grade
- magnetic resonance
- cell fate
- dna damage
- palliative care
- spinal cord
- stem cells
- spinal cord injury
- magnetic resonance imaging
- computed tomography
- replacement therapy
- bioinformatics analysis
- functional connectivity