Pro Inflammatory Cytokines Profiles of Patients With Long COVID Differ Between Variant Epochs.
Ravindra GaneshSiddhant YadavRyan T HurtMichael R MuellerChristopher A AakreElizabeth A GilmanStephanie L GrachJoshua OvergaardMelissa R SnyderNerissa M CollinsIvana T CroghanAndrew D BadleyRaymund R RazonableBradley R SalonenPublished in: Journal of primary care & community health (2024)
When stratified by variant epoch, patients with early epoch Long COVID had persistently elevated peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokine levels when compared to later epoch Long COVID. Patients with Long COVID have similar clusters of symptoms across epochs, suggesting that the underlying pathology is independent of the peripheral cytokine signature.