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The Influence of Freeze-Dried Alcohol-Water Extracts from Common Yarrow ( Achillea millefolium L.) and German Chamomile ( Matricaria chamomilla L.) on the Properties of Elastomer Vulcanizates.

Andrii AleksieievMarcin MasłowskiMagdalena Efenberger-SzmechtykKrzysztof Strzelec
Published in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
This research work aimed to investigate the properties of freeze-dried extracts from Matricaria chamomilla L. and Achillea millefolium L. and to perform a characterization of their impact on the natural rubber-based vulcanizates. First, extracts were prepared in three different solvents at selected volume ratios: water (100), water-methanol (50/50), and water-ethanol (50/50). Next, the freeze-drying of extracts was established and then obtained bio-additives were introduced to the rubber mixtures. Freeze-dried extracts were investigated by UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were also defined. Rubber mixtures were examined in a rheometer and after vulcanization they were subjected to accelerated simulated aging by UV radiation and thermo-oxidative aging. To determine the resistance of vulcanizates to the degradation processes, the study of cross-linking density (equilibrium swelling method), mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break) and color change were conducted. Performed studies proved the antioxidant activity of freeze-dried extracts caused by the high content of polyphenols and their beneficial influence on the properties of elastomer vulcanizates.
Keyphrases
  • low grade
  • ionic liquid
  • photodynamic therapy
  • high resolution
  • single molecule
  • fluorescent probe
  • molecular dynamics simulations
  • radiation induced