Anatomical and functional organization of cardiac fibers in the porcine cervical vagus nerve allows spatially selective efferent neuromodulation.

By investigating the spatial organization of cardiac-related fibers within the vagus nerve, our findings pave the way for more targeted neuromodulation, thereby reducing off-target effects and eliminating the need for titration. This, in turn, will enhance the precision and efficacy of VNS therapy in treating HF, myocardial infarction and other conditions, allowing for therapeutic effect to be achieved much sooner.