Pharmacodynamic Monitoring of Ciclosporin and Tacrolimus: Insights from Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cell-Regulated Gene Expression in Healthy Volunteers.

Ciclosporin and tacrolimus led to similar average suppression of NFAT-RGE in a dose interval despite considerably different RGEtmax. Pharmacodynamic monitoring of average NFAT-RGE should be considered. When using NFAT-RGE at specific time-points, the different effect-time courses and circadian changes of NFAT-RGEs should be considered.