Effect of electrical stimulation on muscle atrophy and spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury - a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Sergio Ricardo ThomazWagner Rodrigues Martins Magno Ferreira FormigaEmerson Fachin-MartinsGraziella França Bernardelli CiprianoWagner Rodrigues MartinsLawrence Patrick Cahalin

Published in: Spinal cord (2019)

Electrical stimulation was found to be an effective method for increasing muscle volume in SCI patients, but had no effect on spasticity. Further investigation of the effect of ES on spasticity in SCI is needed.

Keyphrases

spinal cord injury
end stage renal disease
ejection fraction
newly diagnosed
chronic kidney disease
prognostic factors
upper limb
cerebral palsy
patient reported