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Genome sequence and evolution of Betula platyphylla.

Su ChenYucheng WangLili YuTao ZhengSui WangZhen YueJing JiangSapna KumariChunfang ZhengHaibao TangJun LiYuqi LiJiongjiong ChenWenbo ZhangHanhui KuangJon S RobertsonPatrick X ZhaoHuiyu LiShengqiang ShuYordan S YordanovHaijiao HuangDavid M GoodsteinYing GaiQi QiJiuMeng MinChunYan XuSongBo WangGuan-Zheng QuAndrew H PatersonDavid SankoffHairong WeiGuifeng LiuChuanping Yang
Published in: Horticulture research (2021)
Betula L. (birch) is a pioneer hardwood tree species with ecological, economic, and evolutionary importance in the Northern Hemisphere. We sequenced the Betula platyphylla genome and assembled the sequences into 14 chromosomes. The Betula genome lacks evidence of recent whole-genome duplication and has the same paleoploidy level as Vitis vinifera and Prunus mume. Phylogenetic analysis of lignin pathway genes coupled with tissue-specific expression patterns provided clues for understanding the formation of higher ratios of syringyl to guaiacyl lignin observed in Betula species. Our transcriptome analysis of leaf tissues under a time-series cold stress experiment revealed the presence of the MEKK1-MKK2-MPK4 cascade and six additional mitogen-activated protein kinases that can be linked to a gene regulatory network involving many transcription factors and cold tolerance genes. Our genomic and transcriptome analyses provide insight into the structures, features, and evolution of the B. platyphylla genome. The chromosome-level genome and gene resources of B. platyphylla obtained in this study will facilitate the identification of important and essential genes governing important traits of trees and genetic improvement of B. platyphylla.
Keyphrases
  • genome wide
  • copy number
  • dna methylation
  • gene expression
  • transcription factor
  • genome wide identification
  • single cell
  • climate change
  • high resolution
  • human health
  • binding protein
  • stress induced