In vitro analysis of the origin and characteristics of gaseous microemboli during catheter electroporation ablation.
René van EsMarijn H A GroenMarco StehouwerPieter A DoevendansFred H M WittkampfKars NevenPublished in: Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology (2019)
In vitro, millisecond anodal IRE-pulses produce significantly less and smaller gas bubbles than millisecond cathodal IRE-pulses. In vivo experiments are required to investigate the clinical implication of these observations.