Integrated cascade catalysis of microalgal bioenzyme and inorganic nanozyme for anti-inflammation therapy.

Combinations of multiple enzymes for cascade catalysis have been widely applied in biomedicine, but the integration of a natural bioenzyme with an inorganic nanozyme is less developed. Inspired by the abundant content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Spirulina platensis (SP), we establish an integrated cascade catalysis for anti-inflammation therapy by decorating catalase (CAT)-biomimetic ceria nanoparticles (CeO 2 ) onto the SP surface via electrostatic interaction to build microalgae-based biohybrids. The biohybrids exhibit combined catalytical competence for preferentially transforming superoxide anion radicals (O 2 ˙ - ) to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and subsequently catalyzing H 2 O 2 disproportionation to water and oxygen. In ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, the biohybrids reveal a satisfactory therapeutic effect owing to the synergistic reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging capacity, suggesting a new train of thought for enzyme-based biomedical application.