In the 2019 California Medicare population, PXG is associated with an increased likelihood of VD in beneficiaries 65-74 years old, whereas other subtypes of POAG are associated with a decreased likelihood of any dementia. These findings may suggest selection bias because older adults who continue to follow up with glaucoma care may be more cognitively intact. Further studies are needed to better understand the complex relationship between glaucoma, dementia, and their subtypes.