Aberrant brain network connectivity in presymptomatic and manifest Huntington's disease: A systematic review.
Lorenzo PiniCharlotte JacquemotAnnachiara CagninFrancesca MeneghelloCarlo SemenzaDante MantiniAntonino VallesiPublished in: Human brain mapping (2019)
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has the potential to shed light on the pathophysiological mechanisms of Huntington's disease (HD), paving the way to new therapeutic interventions. A systematic literature review was conducted in three online databases according to PRISMA guidelines, using keywords for HD, functional connectivity, and rs-fMRI. We included studies investigating connectivity in presymptomatic (pre-HD) and manifest HD gene carriers compared to healthy controls, implementing seed-based connectivity, independent component analysis, regional property, and graph analysis approaches. Visual network showed reduced connectivity in manifest HD, while network/areas underpinning motor functions were consistently altered in both manifest HD and pre-HD, showing disease stage-dependent changes. Cognitive networks underlying executive and attentional functions showed divergent anterior-posterior alterations, possibly reflecting compensatory mechanisms. The involvement of these networks in pre-HD is still unclear. In conclusion, aberrant connectivity of the sensory-motor network is observed in the early stage of HD while, as pathology spreads, other networks might be affected, such as the visual and executive/attentional networks. Moreover, sensory-motor and executive networks exhibit hyper- and hypo-connectivity patterns following different spatiotemporal trajectories. These findings could potentially help to implement future huntingtin-lowering interventions.
Keyphrases
- resting state
- functional connectivity
- working memory
- magnetic resonance imaging
- early stage
- squamous cell carcinoma
- computed tomography
- healthcare
- gene expression
- depressive symptoms
- systematic review
- radiation therapy
- transcription factor
- genome wide
- multiple sclerosis
- climate change
- copy number
- magnetic resonance
- current status
- artificial intelligence
- human health