Effect of Sofosbuvir on rats' ovaries and the possible protective role of vitamin E: biochemical and immunohistochemical study.
Neven A EbrahimHussein Abdelaziz AbdallaNeimat Abd Elhakam YassinAya Elsayed MaghrabiaAmira Ibrahim MorsyPublished in: Anatomy & cell biology (2023)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health problem worldwide and its eradication is mandatory. Direct acting HCV polymerase inhibitors, such as Sofosbuvir (SOF), is an effective regimen. However, it has some side effects like mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and the impairment of testicular function. It is important to evaluate the safety of SOF on the ovary, as there are no studies yet. Increasing the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), causes oxidative stress, which affects ovulation process, female reproduction, and fertility. Accumulation of SOF in the cells was demonstrated to promote ROS generation. Vitamin E (Vit E) is an antioxidant agent that has an essential role in the female reproductive system, its deficiency can cause infertility. We explored the effect of SOF treatment alone and co-treated with Vit E on ovarian ROS level and ovarian morphology experimentally using biochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Significant changes in oxidative stress markers; nitric oxide and malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes; catalase, super oxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione, proliferating markers; proliferation cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 antigen and caspase 3 apoptotic marker were demonstrated. It was shown that where SOF induced oxidative stress, it also aggravated ovarian dysfunction. The essential role of Vit E as an antioxidant agent in protecting the ovarian tissue from the effect of oxidative stress markers and preserving its function was also displayed. This could be guidance to add Vit E supplements to SOF regimens to limit its injurious effect on ovarian function.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- hepatitis c virus
- induced apoptosis
- reactive oxygen species
- dna damage
- cell death
- human immunodeficiency virus
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- nitric oxide
- diabetic rats
- cell cycle arrest
- anti inflammatory
- healthcare
- single cell
- signaling pathway
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- public health
- health information
- stem cells
- mental health
- cell therapy
- social media
- heat shock
- helicobacter pylori infection
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- mesenchymal stem cells
- case control
- type diabetes
- radiation therapy
- rectal cancer
- human health
- skeletal muscle
- newly diagnosed
- locally advanced
- oxide nanoparticles
- germ cell