Quantum monitoring of cellular metabolic activities in single mitochondria.
Linyan NieAnggrek Citra NusantaraV G DamleR SharminE P P EvansS R HemelaarK J van der LaanR LiFelipe P Perona MartínezT VedelaarMayeul ChipauxRomana SchirhaglPublished in: Science advances (2021)
Free radicals play a vital role in all kinds of biological processes including immune responses. However, free radicals have short lifetimes and are highly reactive, making them difficult to measure using current methods. Here, we demonstrate that relaxometry measurement, or T1, inherited from the field of diamond magnetometry can be used to detect free radicals in living cells with subcellular resolution. This quantum sensing technique is based on defects in diamond, which convert a magnetic signal into an optical signal, allowing nanoscale magnetic resonance measurements. We functionalized fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) to target single mitochondria within macrophage cells to detect the metabolic activity. In addition, we performed measurements on single isolated mitochondria. We were able to detect free radicals generated by individual mitochondria in either living cells or isolated mitochondria after stimulation or inhibition.
Keyphrases
- living cells
- fluorescent probe
- single molecule
- cell death
- reactive oxygen species
- endoplasmic reticulum
- magnetic resonance
- immune response
- cell cycle arrest
- molecular dynamics
- induced apoptosis
- quantum dots
- high resolution
- adipose tissue
- mass spectrometry
- inflammatory response
- dendritic cells
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- energy transfer
- high speed
- electron microscopy