Recent advances and future prospects in direct cardiac reprogramming.
Yifang XieBen Van HandelLi QianReza ArdehaliPublished in: Nature cardiovascular research (2023)
Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide despite important advances in modern medical and surgical therapies. As human adult cardiomyocytes have limited regenerative ability, cardiomyocytes lost after myocardial infarction are replaced by fibrotic scar tissue, leading to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. To replace lost cardiomyocytes, a promising approach is direct cardiac reprogramming, in which cardiac fibroblasts are transdifferentiated into induced cardiomyocyte-like cells (iCMs). Here we review cardiac reprogramming cocktails (including transcription factors, microRNAs and small molecules) that mediate iCM generation. We also highlight mechanistic studies exploring the barriers to and facilitators of this process. We then review recent progress in iCM reprogramming, with a focus on single-cell '-omics' research. Finally, we discuss obstacles to clinical application.
Keyphrases
- left ventricular
- heart failure
- cardiovascular disease
- high glucose
- single cell
- endothelial cells
- stem cells
- transcription factor
- healthcare
- type diabetes
- mesenchymal stem cells
- current status
- systemic sclerosis
- metabolic syndrome
- rna seq
- atrial fibrillation
- coronary artery disease
- cell therapy
- dna binding
- cardiovascular events
- extracellular matrix
- cardiac resynchronization therapy