Invasive stratified mucin-producing carcinoma (ISMC) of the cervix: a clinicopathological and molecular analysis of 59 cases with special emphasis on histogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

We conclude that ISMC is clinically more aggressive than the usual-type EAC. ISMC may originate from cervical reserve cells with bidirectional differentiation. PD-L1 overexpression and the molecular profiles raise the possibility that a subset of ISMC patients may benefit from anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy and other targeted therapy, such as mTOR inhibitor and T-DM1.