Magnetic resonance imaging features of the superior cervical ganglion and expected changes after radiation therapy to the head and neck in a long-term follow-up.
Marco RavanelliElena TononcelliMichela LealiIrene BuffaSiu Cheng LokeAmit KarandikarKabilan ChokkappanChern Yue Glen OngJulian Park Nam GohTiong Yong TanDavide FarinaPublished in: Neuroradiology (2020)
The SCG has unusual features that allow differentiation from the regional lymph nodes. Changes in morphology and signal after radiotherapy must be taken into account by radiologists to avoid misdiagnosis as recurrent nodal disease. Changes induced using radiotherapy are stable in long-term follow-up and are thus likely attributed to other factors (such as Schwann cell hypertrophy/proliferation) rather than edema.
Keyphrases
- radiation therapy
- lymph node
- locally advanced
- magnetic resonance imaging
- early stage
- radiation induced
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- high glucose
- single cell
- diabetic rats
- computed tomography
- rectal cancer
- artificial intelligence
- cell therapy
- squamous cell carcinoma
- neuropathic pain
- stem cells
- oxidative stress
- spinal cord
- magnetic resonance
- spinal cord injury
- optic nerve