Further delineation of the clinical spectrum of White-Sutton syndrome: 12 new individuals and a review of the literature.
Oliver MurchVani JainAndreas BennecheKay MetcalfeEmma HobsonKatrina PrescottKate ChandlerNeeti GhaliJenny CarmichaelNicola C FouldsJulie PaulsenMarie F SmelandSiren BerlandAndrew E FryPublished in: European journal of human genetics : EJHG (2021)
White-Sutton syndrome (WHSUS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by heterozygous loss-of-function variants in POGZ. Through the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study and clinical testing, we identified 12 individuals from 10 families with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in POGZ (eight de novo and two inherited). Most individuals had delayed development and/or intellectual disability. We analyzed the clinical findings in our series and combined it with data from 89 previously reported individuals. The results demonstrate WHSUS is associated with variable developmental delay or intellectual disability, increased risk of obesity, visual defects, craniofacial dysmorphism, sensorineural hearing loss, feeding problems, seizures, and structural brain malformations. Our series includes further individuals with rod-cone dystrophy, cleft lip and palate, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and duplicated renal drainage system, suggesting these are rare complications of WHSUS. In addition, we describe an individual with a novel, de novo missense variant in POGZ and features of WHSUS. Our work further delineates the phenotypic spectrum of WHSUS highlighting the variable severity of this disorder and the observation of familial pathogenic POGZ variants.
Keyphrases
- intellectual disability
- autism spectrum disorder
- copy number
- early onset
- metabolic syndrome
- type diabetes
- mental health
- insulin resistance
- gene expression
- dna methylation
- body mass index
- brain injury
- electronic health record
- risk factors
- weight gain
- high fat diet induced
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- resting state
- blood brain barrier
- white matter
- deep learning