Monitoring the tissue perfusion during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation: tissue-to-arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure gradient in a pig model.

Our observations suggest the less-invasive tc-artPCO2 monitoring can sensitively detect inadequate systemic oxygen supply during hemorrhagic shock. Further evaluations are required in different forms of shock in other large animal models and in humans to assess its usefulness, safety, and ability to predict outcomes in critical illnesses.