The Combined Effects of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking on Cancer Risk by Exposure Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Seunghee JunHyun Jin ParkUi Jeong KimHye-Ah LeeBomi ParkSoon Young LeeSun Ha JeeHyesook ParkPublished in: Journal of Korean medical science (2024)
Our study provided a comprehensive summary of the combined effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on cancers. As their consumption increased, the synergy effect became more pronounced, and the synergy effect was evident especially for head and neck cancer. These findings provide additional evidence for the combined effect of alcohol and smoking in alcohol guidelines for cancer prevention.