Associations between in-hospital daily protein intake and adverse clinical outcomes in older patients with heart failure.

Lower DPI during hospitalization is associated with an increased risk of mortality and HF readmission independent of non-proteogenic energy intake, and the possible optimal DPI for predicting adverse clinical outcomes is >1.12 g/kg IBW/day in older patients with HF. Caution is warranted when protein restriction therapy is administered to older patients with HF and renal dysfunction.