A fabrication of stable lithium metal anodes using HF scavenging films.

A stable lithium metal anode was fabricated using a functional lithiophilic thin film polymer. The functional film captures HF impurities in the electrolyte and provides a fluorine-rich surface. In addition, the lithiophilic properties and in situ formed stable solid-electrolyte-interphase layer induced uniform lithium electrodeposition and exhibited outstanding cell performance in both liquid and solid electrolytes.