Comparison of Different Home/Commercial Washing Strategies for Ten Typical Pesticide Residue Removal Effects in Kumquat, Spinach and Cucumber.
Yangliu WuQuanshun AnDong LiJun WuCanping PanPublished in: International journal of environmental research and public health (2019)
Home processing can reduce pesticide residues in agricultural products, and the common forms of treatment include washing, peeling, blanching, and cooking. In this study, the removal effects of tap water, micron calcium solution, alkaline electrolyzed water (AlEW), ozone water, active oxygen, and sodium bicarbonate on 10 typical pesticide residues in kumquat, cucumber, and spinach were investigated. The residue magnitudes were determined by chromatography⁻tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS), combined with the QuEChERS pretreatment method. The model tests showed that the results of soaking and greenhouse were close. The removal effects of pesticide residues in kumquat and cucumber washing by alkaline electrolyzed water with a high pH value, micron calcium, and active oxygen solution were better than other washing solutions. The sodium bicarbonate solution, ozone water, and active oxygen solution were more effective in reducing pesticide residues in spinach than others. Active oxygen solution showed a better removal efficiency for the 10 pesticides than other treatments because of its alkalinity and oxidizability. Among the ten pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides had a higher removal rate. Additionally, chlorpyrifos were the most difficult to remove. For the majority of pesticides, the pesticide residue magnitudes showed a gradual reduction when increasing the washing time. The results indicated that alkaline solutions were effective for the reduction of pesticide residues when the washing time was longer than 15 min.
Keyphrases
- risk assessment
- gas chromatography
- tandem mass spectrometry
- human health
- ultra high performance liquid chromatography
- ms ms
- high performance liquid chromatography
- heavy metals
- mass spectrometry
- liquid chromatography
- simultaneous determination
- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- high resolution mass spectrometry
- hydrogen peroxide
- solid phase extraction
- solid state
- climate change
- high speed
- gas chromatography mass spectrometry
- combination therapy
- atomic force microscopy
- replacement therapy
- life cycle