Assessing the Causal Relationship between Waterpipe Smoking and Bladder Cancer.

Charles J Rosser

Published in: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology (2024)

Rates of waterpipe use increase with very little data reporting any potential health consequences. The current study, a large case-control study, of 4,194 patients from Iran denotes an elevated risk of bladder cancer in exclusive waterpipe smokers compared with non-users. Additional studies are needed to further understand the risk waterpipe smoking has on bladder cancer. See related article by Hadji et al., p. 509.

Keyphrases

case control
smoking cessation
public health
healthcare
mental health
human health
muscle invasive bladder cancer
emergency department
health information
deep learning