Ten Issues for Updating in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: An Expert Review.
Francisco Javier CandelMiguel Salavert LletiMiren BasarasMarcio BorgesRafael CantónEmilia CercenadoCatian CillonizAngel EstellaJuan M García-LechuzJose Garnacho-MonteroFederico GordoAgustín Julián-JiménezFrancisco Javier Martín-SánchezEmilio Maseda GarridoMayra MatesanzRosario MenéndezManuel Mirón-RubioRaul Ortiz de Lejarazu-LeonardoEva PolverinoPilar Retamar-GentilLuis Alberto Ruiz-IturriagaSusana SanchoLeyre SerranoPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2023)
Community-acquired pneumonia represents the third-highest cause of mortality in industrialized countries and the first due to infection. Although guidelines for the approach to this infection model are widely implemented in international health schemes, information continually emerges that generates controversy or requires updating its management. This paper reviews the most important issues in the approach to this process, such as an aetiologic update using new molecular platforms or imaging techniques, including the diagnostic stewardship in different clinical settings. It also reviews both the Intensive Care Unit admission criteria and those of clinical stability to discharge. An update in antibiotic, in oxygen, or steroidal therapy is presented. It also analyzes the management out-of-hospital in CAP requiring hospitalization, the main factors for readmission, and an approach to therapeutic failure or rescue. Finally, the main strategies for prevention and vaccination in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts are reviewed.
Keyphrases
- community acquired pneumonia
- healthcare
- working memory
- clinical practice
- emergency department
- high resolution
- health information
- mental health
- acute care
- coronary artery disease
- type diabetes
- stem cells
- mesenchymal stem cells
- cardiovascular disease
- mass spectrometry
- social media
- respiratory failure
- single molecule
- meta analyses
- electronic health record
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- fluorescence imaging
- adverse drug
- smoking cessation