Weight Gain and Metabolic Syndrome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients.
Hyun Ha ChangPublished in: Infection & chemotherapy (2022)
While human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated wasting has declined with significant advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), weight gain and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are now becoming a problem for people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide. The development of a new and more effective ART regimen has increased viral suppression and improved immunologic function recovery, leading to the extension of the lifespan of PLWH. It has recently been reported as one of the significant factors associated with weight gain, obesity, and long-term metabolic consequences in PLWH. This article reviewed the epidemiology of overweight and MetS among PLWH and the known risk factors for weight gain and its major comorbidities, such as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, neurocognitive disorders, and liver diseases, in PLWH. In addition, reports on the pharmacological and surgical management of overweight and obesity in PLWH has been briefly summarized.
Keyphrases
- weight gain
- human immunodeficiency virus
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv infected
- metabolic syndrome
- hiv positive
- body mass index
- birth weight
- hiv infected patients
- hiv aids
- weight loss
- hepatitis c virus
- cardiovascular disease
- end stage renal disease
- insulin resistance
- newly diagnosed
- prognostic factors
- sars cov
- coronary artery disease
- cardiovascular risk factors
- hiv testing
- patient reported outcomes
- risk factors
- emergency department
- adipose tissue
- men who have sex with men
- cardiovascular events
- glycemic control