Association between cigarette smoking and the risk of dysmenorrhea: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

Lu-Lu QinZhao HuAtipatsa Chiwanda KamingaBang-An LuoHui-Lan XuXiang-Lin FengJia-He Liu

Published in: PloS one (2020)

The evidence from this meta-analysis indicated a significant association between cigarette smoking (both current and former smoking) and dysmenorrhea. The adverse effects of smoking provide further support for prevention of dysmenorrhea and emphasize the need to target women.

Keyphrases

systematic review
smoking cessation
polycystic ovary syndrome
meta analyses
pregnancy outcomes
type diabetes
case control
adverse drug
breast cancer risk