Risk of Complications in Combined Plastic Surgery Procedures Using the Tracking Operations and Outcomes for Plastic Surgeons Database.

TOPS data suggests that combinations with trunk liposuction or augmentation mammaplasty present with increased risk of complications compared to index, controlling for demographics. Abdominoplasty and mastopexy may be combined with other plastic surgery procedures without increased risk to patients. The complication risk of reduction mammaplasty combinations is mediated by other variables, suggesting the need for shared surgical decision making when recommending these combinations to patients.