Lenvatinib recruits cytotoxic GZMK+CD8 T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Tomoharu YamadaNaoto FujiwaraNaoto KubotaYuki MatsushitaTakuma NakatsukaShigeyuki KurosakiTatsuya MinamiRyosuke TateishiAkihiko IchidaJunichi AritaKiyoshi HasegawaKazuhiko KoikeMitsuhiro FujishiroHayato NakagawaPublished in: Hepatology communications (2023)
Besides its direct antitumor effects, lenvatinib recruited cytotoxic GZMK+CD8 T cells in intratumor stroma by CXCL9 from tumor-associated macrophages, suggesting that lenvatinib-treated HCC is in the so-called excluded condition that can diminish ICI efficacy.
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