Establishment of a 3D co-culture model to investigate the role of primary fibroblasts in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

The TAFs seem to play an important role in the progression of DCIS to invasive breast cancer. The better characterization of the TME could lead to the identification of DCIS lesions with high or low risk of progression. This could enable personalized oncological therapy, prevention of overtreatment and individualized hormone replacement therapy after DCIS.