Manganese Sulfate Nanocomposites Fabricated by Hot-Melt Extrusion for Chemodynamic Therapy of Colorectal Cancer.

The development of metal salts-based nanocomposites is highly desired for the Fenton or Fenton-like reaction-based chemodynamic therapy of cancer. Manganese sulfate (MnSO 4 )-dispersed nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated with a hot-melt extrusion (HME) system for the chemodynamic therapy of colorectal cancer in this study. MnSO 4 was homogeneously distributed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (as a hydrophilic polymer) with the aid of surfactants (Span 80 and Tween 80) by HME processing. Nano-size distribution was achieved after dispersing the pulverized extrudate of MnSO 4 -based composite in the aqueous media. The distribution of MnSO 4 in HME extrudate and the interactions between MnSO 4 and pharmaceutical additives were elucidated by Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Hydroxyl radical generation efficiency by the Fenton-like chemistry capability of Mn 2+ ion was also confirmed by catalytic assays. By using the intrinsic H 2 O 2 in cancer cells, MnSO 4 NPs provided an elevated cellular reactive oxygen species level, apoptosis induction capability, and antiproliferation efficiency. The designed HME-processed MnSO 4 formulation can be efficiently used for the chemodynamic therapy of colorectal cancer.