Multi-lead cephalic venous access and long-term performance of high-voltage leads.
Zaki AkhtarIdris HardingAhmed I ElbatranHanney GonnaNilanka N MannakkaraLisa W M LeungZia ZuberiAbhay BajpaiSimon PearseAndrew T CoxAnthony LiFadi JouhraOswaldo ValenciaZhong ChenManav SohalIan BeetonMark M GallagherPublished in: Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology (2021)
CRT-D implantation via the cephalic route is not significantly associated with premature ICD lead failure. Female gender and BMI are predictors of lead failure.