Importance of long-term follow-up after endoscopic management for upper tract urothelial carcinoma and factors leading to surgical management.

Patients who progress to radical nephroureterectomy after endoscopic management have fewer comorbid conditions and changes in disease status including visible lesions on ureteroscopy and positive biopsies. The high rate of progression to radical nephroureterectomy reinforces the need for long-term follow-up of these patients.