Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and their cardiovascular benefits-The role of the GLP-1 receptor.
Johanna HelmstädterKarin KeppelerLeonie KüsterThomas MünzelAndreas DaiberSebastian StevenPublished in: British journal of pharmacology (2021)
Cardiovascular outcome trials revealed cardiovascular benefits for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients when treated with long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. In the last decade, major advances were made characterising the physiological effects of GLP-1 and its action on numerous targets including brain, liver, kidney, heart and blood vessels. However, the effects of GLP-1 and receptor agonists, and the GLP-1 receptor on the cardiovascular system have not been fully elucidated. We compare results from cardiovascular outcome trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists and review pleiotropic clinical and preclinical data concerning cardiovascular protection beyond glycaemic control. We address current knowledge on GLP-1 and receptor agonist actions on the heart, vasculature, inflammatory cells and platelets, and discuss evidence for GLP-1 receptor-dependent versus independent effects secondary of GLP-1 metabolites. We conclude that the favourable cardiovascular profile of GLP-1 receptor agonists might expand their therapeutic use for treating cardiovascular disease even in non-diabetic populations.
Keyphrases
- cardiovascular disease
- type diabetes
- healthcare
- newly diagnosed
- heart failure
- end stage renal disease
- chronic kidney disease
- stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- mesenchymal stem cells
- metabolic syndrome
- machine learning
- multiple sclerosis
- oxidative stress
- adipose tissue
- big data
- binding protein
- signaling pathway
- cardiovascular risk factors
- weight loss
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- blood brain barrier