Occult hepatitis B virus and surface antigen mutant infection in healthy vaccinated cohorts and children with various forms of hepatitis and multiple transfusions.
Wei-Li HungJia-Feng WuYen-Hsuan NiHuey-Ling ChenCheng-Lun ChiangMei-Hwei ChangHong-Yuan HsuPublished in: Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver (2019)
In this highly immunized population, surface antigen mutant infection is uncommon and has low contribution to OBI development. HBsAg screening plus highly sensitive HBV DNA assays are needed for assurance of blood supply safety. Multiple transfusions from HBsAg-negative blood donors rarely result in persistent HBV infection. HBV might be related to some of serologic 'non-A to E' viral hepatitis.