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Influence of Dental Titanium Implants with Different Surface Treatments Using Femtosecond and Nanosecond Lasers on Biofilm Formation.

Bo Yun SeoKeunbada SonYoung-Tak SonRam Hari DahalShukho KimJungmin KimJunHo HwangSung-Min KwonJae-Mok LeeKyu-Bok LeeJin-Wook Kim
Published in: Journal of functional biomaterials (2023)
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different surface treatments (machined; sandblasted, large grit, and acid-etched (SLA); hydrophilic; and hydrophobic) on dental titanium (Ti) implant surface morphology, roughness, and biofilm formation. Four groups of Ti disks were prepared using distinct surface treatments, including femtosecond and nanosecond lasers for hydrophilic and hydrophobic treatments. Surface morphology, wettability, and roughness were assessed. Biofilm formation was evaluated by counting the colonies of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), and Prevotella intermedia (Pi) at 48 and 72 h. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the groups using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (α = 0.05). The analysis revealed that the hydrophobic group had the highest surface contact angle and roughness ( p < 0.05), whereas the machined group had significantly higher bacterial counts across all biofilms ( p < 0.05). At 48 h, the lowest bacterial counts were observed in the SLA group for Aa and the SLA and hydrophobic groups for Pg and Pi. At 72 h, low bacterial counts were observed in the SLA, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic groups. The results indicate that various surface treatments affect implant surface properties, with the hydrophobic surface using femtosecond laser treatment exerting a particularly inhibitory effect on initial biofilm growth (Pg and Pi).
Keyphrases
  • biofilm formation
  • candida albicans
  • pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • staphylococcus aureus
  • escherichia coli
  • ionic liquid
  • liquid chromatography
  • aqueous solution
  • soft tissue